I Introduction :

Fluid and continuum, Physical properties of fluids, Rheology of fluids.

 

II Kinematics of Fluid flow :

Types of fluid flows: Continuum & free molecular flows. Steady and unsteady, uniform and non-uniform, laminar and turbulent flows, rotational and irrotational flows, compressible and incompressible flows, subsonic, sonic and supersonic flows, sub-critical, critical and supercritical flows, one, two and three dimensional flows, streamlines, continuity equation for 3D and 1D flows, circulation, stream function and velocity potential, source, sink, doublet and half-body.

 

III Fluid Statics :

Pressure-density-height relationship, manometers, pressure transducers, pressure on plane and curved surfaces, centre of pressure, buoyancy, stability of immersed and floating bodies, fluid masses subjected to linear acceleration and uniform rotation about an axis.

 

IV Dynamics of Fluid Flow :

Euler’s Equation of motion along a streamline and its integration, Bernoulli’s equation and its applications- Pitot tube, orifice meter, venturi meter and bend meter, Hot-wire anemometer and LDA, notches and weirs, momentum equation and its application to pipe bends.

 

V Dimensional Analysis and Hydraulic Similitude :

Dimensional analysis, Buckingham’s Pi theorem, important dimensionless numbers and their significance, geometric, kinematics and dynamic similarity, model studies.

 

VI Laminar and Turbulent Flow :

Equation of motion for laminar flow through pipes, Stokes’ law, transition from laminar to turbulent flow, turbulent flow, types of turbulent flow, isotropic, homogenous turbulence, scale and intensity of turbulence, measurement of turbulence, eddy viscosity, mixing length concept and velocity distribution in turbulent flow over smooth and rough surfaces, resistance to flow, minor losses, pipe in series and parallel, power transmission through a pipe, siphon, water hammer, three reservoir problems and networks.

 

VII Boundary Layer Analysis :

Boundary layer thickness, boundary layer over a flat plate, laminar boundary layer, application of momentum equation, turbulent boundary layer, laminar sub-layer, separation and its control, Drag and lift, drag on a sphere, a two dimensional cylinder, and an aerofoil, Magnus effect.

 

References :

1. Som, S.K. & Biswas G. : Introduction of fluid mechanics & Fluid Machines, TMH, 2000, 2^nd edition.
2. S.K.Agarwal : Fluid Mechanics & Machinery, TMH
3. Garde, R.J., “ Fluid Mechanics through Problems”, New Age International Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2^nd Edition.
4. Hunter Rouse, “Elementary Mechanics of Fluids”, John Wiley & Sons. Omc. 1946
5. I.H.Shames, “Mechanics of Fluids”, McGraw Hill, Int. Student, Education, 1988.
6. Fluid Mechanics by Jagdish Lal
7. Vijay Gupta and S.K.Gupta, “ Fluid Mechanics and its Applications”, Wiley Eastern Ltd, 1984.
8. Modi, P.N., and Seth, S.H., “Hydrualics and Fluid Machines”, Standard Book House, 1989.

 

 

 

FLUID MECHANICS LAB  

1. To verify the momentum equation using the experimental set-up on diffusion of submerged air jet.
2. To determine the coefficient of discharge of an orifice of a given shape. Also to determine the coefficient of velocity and the coefficient of contraction of the orifice mouth piece.
3. To calibrate an orifice meter, venturimeter, and bend meter and study the variation of the co-efficient of discharge with the Reynolds number.
4. To study the transition from laminar to turbulent flow and to determine the lower critical Reynolds number.
5. To study the velocity distribution in a pipe and also to compute the discharge by integrating the velocity profile.
6. To study the variation of friction factor, ‘f’ for turbulent flow in commercial pipes.
7. To study the boundary layer velocity profile over a flat plate and to determine the boundary layer thickness.