Introduction, Contaminations, The Audio Spectrum, Signal Power Units, Volume Unit , Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Modulation, Fundamental Limitations In A Communication System, Number Systems

2. AMPLITUDE MODULATION

Introduction, definition of am, generation of am wave, double-sideband supressed-carrier modulation, single-sideband modulation (ssb), vestigial sideband modulation (vsb)., demodulation of am.

3. EXPONENTIAL MODULATION1 FREQUENCY MODULATION

Introduction, frequency spectrum of frequency modulation, comparison of fm and am, frequency modulation band widths, narrow band and wide band frequency modulation

(nbfm and wbfm) , phase modulation, generation and detection principle, fm demodulation : am-based method.

4. SAMPLING AND ANALOG PULSE MODULATION

Introduction, Sampling Theory, Sampling Analysis, Types Of Sampling, Practical Sampling: Major Problems, Types Of Analog Pulse Modulation, Pulse Amplitude Modulation, Pulse Position Modulation, Signal-To-Noise Ratios In Pulse Systems

5. DIGITAL DATA TRANSMISSION

Introduction, representation of data signal, parallel and serial data transmission, 20ma loop and line drivers, modems, data signal: signal shaping and signaling speed, partial response (correlative) techniques, noise and errqr analysis, repeaters, digital-modulation systems, amplitude-shift keying (ask), freq.uency.shift keying (fsk), four-phase or quarternary psk, interface standards

6. DIGITAL MODULATION : DM AND PCM

Introduction, delta modulation, pulse.code modulation., pcm bandwidth, pcm reception and noise, quantization noise analysis, aperture time, the ratio and channel capacity of pcm,comparison of pcm with other systems, pulse rate, codecs, 24-channel pcm, the pcm channel bank, multiplex hierarchy, measurements of quantization noise, differential pcm